The Nature of Mass

Mass is not an intrinsic property of matter, but a physical quantity describing the relationship between an object and its surrounding space.

Definition of Mass

In the unified field theory, mass = the number of spatial displacement lines moving outward at light speed per unit solid angle around an object. Mass is not something an object “possesses” — it describes the relationship between the object and the motion of its surrounding space.

More mass = more spatial displacement lines moving at light speed
When displacement lines reduce to zero → mass = zero → the object automatically moves at the speed of light (excited state)

Connection to Flying Saucer Principle

Zhang Xiangqian points out that if one can use a changing electromagnetic field to generate an anti-gravitational field, it becomes possible to reduce the number of spatial displacement lines around an object, bringing its mass toward zero. This is the principle behind flying saucers: use a changing EM field to generate an anti-gravitational field, reduce spatial displacement lines, bring mass to zero, and the object can move at the speed of light.

Relationship with Relativity

Einstein's mass-velocity relationship can be naturally derived from the Guoke momentum formula:

m = \frac{m'}{\sqrt{1 - v^2 / c^2}}

$m'$ — rest mass

$m$ — relativistic mass

$v$ — velocity of the object

Guoke Momentum Derivation

Starting from Guoke momentum:

Static momentum: $\vec{P}_{\text{static}} = m' \vec{C}\,'$

Moving momentum: $\vec{P}_{\text{moving}} = m(\vec{C} - \vec{V})$

By conservation of momentum: $m' \vec{C}\,' = m(\vec{C} - \vec{V})$

When $m' = 0$ , then $\vec{V} = \vec{C}$ — an object with zero mass must move at the speed of light.

Three Spacetime States of Matter

State	Mass	Speed	Properties
Normal State	Normal mass	Normal speed	Normal state of everyday matter
Quasi-Excited State	Extremely tiny (e.g., ~0.45g for a 5000kg craft)	Any sub-light speed	Can pass through walls
Excited State	Zero	Must be light speed	Time = zero inside

The quasi-excited state is the most practically valuable: the object's mass is extremely small but not zero, it can move at any sub-light speed, and because its mass is so tiny, it can pass through solid matter. This is the target state that flying saucer technology aims to achieve.

Note: The theoretical framework above has not undergone academic peer review. This site presents Zhang Xiangqian's theoretical system for reference and independent verification by interested researchers. We make no judgment on the correctness of the theory.